The lack of Dalit representation in the higher judiciary is a matter of concern for diversity in the system. At the same time, there is gratitude towards the Supreme Court Collegium for focusing on merit instead of caste when making appointments. This highlights the importance of ability while also addressing the need for fairness. Balancing representation and merit remains a key challenge for the judiciary.
Justice (R) C T Ravikumar, who made history as the fourth Dalit judge elevated to the Supreme Court, retired on January 5 after three years in this prestigious role. In an interview with Suchitra Kalyan Mohanty, he reflected on his journey, the challenges he faced as a Dalit judge, and key issues within the judiciary. Here are some excerpts:
On his elevation to the Supreme Court He Stated,
“I’m grateful to the SC Collegium for considering my merit over my caste. The Collegium, led by the now-retired CJI NV Ramana, recognized my qualifications for the position, which opened this opportunity for me. Former CJI K G Balakrishnan also significantly influenced my career.”
Expressing about his beginnings and aspiration,
“Initially, I did not aspire to be a judge. I graduated with a Zoology degree from Bishop Moore College in Mavelikkara and later earned my law degree from Government Law College in Calicut. I began my legal career as a junior under advocate P S Vasudevan in July 1986, later moving to the high court and working with former Advocate General M K Damodaran. Eventually, I started my own practice in various legal matters and served as a Government Pleader before being appointed as an Additional Judge of the Kerala High Court in January 2009, becoming permanent in December 2010.”
On representation of Dalits in the judiciary he stated,
“I believe that Dalits and marginalized communities lack adequate representation in the judiciary, especially in higher courts. Many in the legal field from these communities are well-equipped with the necessary expertise. This doesn’t indicate a disregard from the SC Collegium, but there is a clear need for a collective effort to ensure their representation.”
On challenges faced during his appointment he stated,
“Throughout my tenure, whether in the High Court or the Supreme Court, I did not experience significant challenges. My focus was entirely on delivering justice for litigants promptly.”
On the functioning of the judiciary he expressed,
“I am satisfied with the judiciary’s current operations. Judges work relentlessly, even during holidays. There’s a misconception that judges enjoy lengthy vacations, but that’s far from the truth. Many of us often take case files with us, studying them even while traveling abroad. Typically, we work 15 to 16 hours a day.”
On judicial pressure in changing times he remarked,
“One of the most pressing challenges facing the judiciary is the backlog of cases. Additionally, there is a significant disparity in the judges-to-population ratio that needs to be addressed. It is essential to increase the number of judges, but this responsibility lies with the Centre.”
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On the appointment of judges he stated,
“I believe the current system of appointing judges is effective. While there could be room for adding some checks and balances, overall, it is functioning well.”
On technology in the judiciary he concluded,
“Virtual court hearings were introduced during the COVID pandemic. However, arguing in person is fundamentally different from participating remotely. Maintaining focus can be more challenging when attending virtually, but these hearings are beneficial for parties or lawyers who are unable to appear in person.”
Justice (Retd.) C. T. Ravikumar is a distinguished Indian jurist who served as a judge of the Supreme Court of India. Prior to his elevation to the apex court, he held positions in various high courts, including the Kerala High Court, where he gained a reputation for his expertise in constitutional and civil law. Known for his commitment to justice and thorough legal reasoning, Justice Ravikumar contributed to several landmark judgments during his tenure. His judicial career reflects a strong dedication to upholding the rule of law and safeguarding the principles enshrined in the Indian Constitution.
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