The Supreme Court ordered a complete stop to manual scavenging in six big metro cities. This rule applies to Delhi, Mumbai, Chennai, Kolkata, Bengaluru, and Hyderabad. The court stressed the importance of respecting workers and taking strict action. Officials must find better solutions and make sure the rule is followed.
New Delhi: The Supreme Court issued a complete ban on manual scavenging and sewer cleaning in six major metropolitan cities, Delhi, Mumbai, Chennai, Kolkata, Bengaluru, and Hyderabad.
A bench led by Justice Sudhanshu Dhulia directed the chief executive officers of these cities to submit detailed affidavits by February 13, outlining how and when manual sewer cleaning practices have been halted.
The next hearing is scheduled for February 19.
In December 2023, the court had instructed the Centre to work with states to gather feedback on initiatives aimed at eliminating manual scavenging and sewer cleaning. A recent affidavit from the Union government indicated that out of 775 districts in India, 456 reported no instances of manual scavenging or sewer cleaning.
However, after reviewing submissions from the Additional Solicitor General, the court expressed concerns over the lack of clarity regarding the complete eradication of manual scavenging in metropolitan areas, as mandated by the Supreme Court’s order from October 10, 2023.
The bench remarked,
“We are of the opinion that the time has come to pass clear directions,”
In its October ruling, the court emphasized that both the central and state governments have a legal obligation to ensure the complete eradication of manual scavenging throughout India.
Manual sewer cleaning refers to the practice of cleaning sewers and drains by hand, typically involving workers who physically enter sewers to remove blockages, debris, and waste. This process is often done with basic tools like shovels, rods, and brushes. It is considered an outdated and hazardous method, often associated with manual scavenging, which is the practice of cleaning human waste by hand.
- Cost-Effective (Short-Term): In some cases, manual sewer cleaning may be cheaper in the short run compared to implementing machinery or automated systems.
- Access to Narrow Spaces: Manual cleaning can be useful in hard-to-reach areas where machinery cannot fit, ensuring all parts of the sewer system are cleaned.
- Immediate Action: In emergencies, manual cleaning can be done quickly without waiting for specialized equipment or technology.
Problems of Manual Sewer Cleaning:
- Health Risks: Manual sewer cleaning exposes workers to serious health hazards like infections, toxic gases, and physical injuries.
- Inhumane Working Conditions: It often involves degrading and unsafe conditions for workers, violating their dignity and rights.
- Limited Efficiency: It is time-consuming and inefficient compared to mechanical methods, which can cover larger areas in less time.
- Environmental Concerns: The use of manual labor can result in improper disposal of waste, which can negatively impact the environment.
- Legal and Ethical Issues: Many countries have outlawed manual scavenging due to its exploitative nature and violation of human rights.
- Lack of Sustainability: This method is not sustainable and does not contribute to long-term solutions for sewer maintenance.
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