With Ganesh Chaturthi 2025 approaching, the Karnataka High Court has issued a strict warning on Plaster of Paris (POP) idols, urging authorities to enforce the ban and prevent pollution.
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KARNATAKA: With Ganesh Chaturthi 2025 approaching, environmental concerns have arisen. The immersion of Plaster of Paris (POP) idols, especially those painted with heavy metals, has a significant negative impact on rivers, lakes, and other water bodies. Authorities are urging eco-friendly celebrations, and the Karnataka High Court has emphasized strict implementation of existing laws.
Government Orders and Legal Framework
The Karnataka State Pollution Control Board (KSPCB) enforces restrictions under Section 33A of the Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974. This section empowers the board to issue binding directions to local authorities, manufacturers, and individuals to prevent pollution.
- 2016: Authorities prohibited the immersion of coloured POP idols following inspections of manufacturing units in Bengaluru’s Gudimavu area.
- 2023 Notification: The KSPCB banned the “manufacture, sale, and disposal of any idols made of Plaster of Paris, decorated with heavy metal-containing chemical paint.” The notification also directed local administration and police to support enforcement.
The goal is to curb environmental damage caused by POP idols while promoting eco-friendly alternatives like clay or natural materials.
Karnataka High Court
A petition was recently filed before the Karnataka High Court regarding the implementation of the 2023 KSPCB notification.
- KSPCB noted that some manufacturing units were evading the ban, flooding the market with POP idols despite sealed premises.
- The state counsel informed the court that an FIR had been filed against violators.
The court, on August 14, 2025, stated:
“…the Government Order has already been passed and the same requires to be implemented. Indisputably, the issue raised is a serious one and we expect that the State Authority shall implement the notification with all seriousness and to its full extent.”
This reflects the judiciary’s serious stance on environmental protection during festive celebrations.
Other High Court Positions on POP Idols
Given the scale of Ganesh Chaturthi celebrations in Maharashtra, the Bombay High Court’s rulings are particularly important:
- 2022: The court upheld a ban on POP idols.
- 2023: The court lifted the ban on the sale and manufacture of POP idols but prohibited immersion in natural water bodies, directing the government to formulate a policy.
- July 24, 2025 Interim Order: Idols up to six feet in height must be immersed only in artificial tanks, not rivers or lakes.
These steps are aimed at balancing tradition with environmental responsibility.
Authorities recommend devotees use:
- Clay idols
- Natural dyes and paints
- Paper-mache or biodegradable materials
Such practices reduce water pollution and help preserve aquatic ecosystems, ensuring that celebrations are both joyous and sustainable.